众所周知，运动可以使你的肌肉更大。现在，一项研究发现，这可能会使你的大脑更大。体育锻炼能增加大脑中的灰质，增加有助于平衡和协调区域的大小，根据每日健康新闻。在大脑的变化可能在长期的对健康的影响，如降低跌倒的危险性，该研究的作者说，乌尔禾Kujala博士，尤瓦斯吉拉大学的。

　　它也可以降低老年不动的风险，他补充说。医生说已经的体力活动已与许多健康方面的好处，如降低身体脂肪含量，降低心脏病的风险因素，更好的记忆和思维，与2型糖尿病的风险较低。但他和他的团队想了解运动是如何影响大脑。他们招募了10对同卵双胞胎，谁都是男性，年龄在32到36年。

　　重点对双胞胎，他们有相同的DNA，将使研究人员能够看到他们的环境影响了他们的身体。

　　在每一对双胞胎，一个兄弟已经做了更多的在过去的三年中比其他，但他们说他们进行锻炼水平相似，早在他们的生活中。博士说：“平均的，双胞胎的活跃成员每周慢跑三小时相比，消极的双胞胎。”这对双胞胎有MRI扫描他们的大脑，研究人员可以看到身体活动是否对他们的大脑的大小没有影响，和特定地区。锻炼似乎并不影响大脑作为一个整体的大小，Kujala博士说。但有更多的活动和运动相关地区更多的大脑体积之间的连接，他补充说。

　　这对双胞胎谁行使并更好地控制血糖，降低糖尿病的风险，这一发现是众所周知的。这项研究发表在杂志体育运动医学与科学。此前，美国研究人员发现，有规律的锻炼也能使你更聪明。南卡罗来纳州大学的专家发现，经常跑步会创造更多的线粒体在脑中产生身体的能量，细胞结构。这个能量的提升有助于大脑工作的速度和效率，有效地保持年轻，研究人员说。在短期内，这可以减少精神疲劳和在健身房锻炼提高你的思维。

　　建立一个大型水库的线粒体在脑中也可以创建一个与年龄相关的脑疾病如阿尔茨海默氏症缓冲”

　　原文

　　How exercise can make your BRAIN bigger: Physical activity 'boosts areas responsible for balance and co-ordination'

　　It's well known that exercise can make your muscles bigger.

　　Now, a study has found it may make your brain larger, too.

　　Physical activity can increase grey matter in the brain, increasing the size of areas that contribute to balance and coordination, according to Health Day news.

　　The changes in the brain may have health implications in the long-term, such as reducing the risk of falling, said the study's author, Dr Urho Kujala, of the University of Jyvaskyla.

　　It could also reduce the risk of being immobile in older age, he added.

　　Dr Kujala said physical activity has already been linked to a number of health benefits, such as lower levels of body fat, reduced heart disease risk factors, better memory and thinking, and a lower risk of type 2 diabetes.

　　But he and his team wanted to understand how exercise affects the brain.

　　They recruited 10 pairs of identical twins, who were all men aged 32 to 36 years.

　　Focusing on twins, who have the same DNA, would allow researchers to see how their environment affects their bodies.

　　In each pair of twins, one brother had exercised more over the past three years than the other, though they reported they carried out similar levels of exercise earlier in their lives.

　　Dr Kujala said: 'On average, the more active members of twin pairs were jogging three hours more per week compared to their inactive co-twins.'

　　The twins had MRI scans of their brains so researchers could see whether physical activity had any impact on the size of their brains, and specific regions.

　　Exercise didn't seem to affect the size of the brain as a whole, Dr Kujala said.

　　But there was a connection between more activity and more brain volume in areas related to movement, he added.

　　The twins who exercised more did a better job of controlling their blood sugar, which reduces the risk of diabetes, a finding which is already well-known.

　　The study was published in the journal Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise.

　　It comes after US researchers found regular exercise can also make you smarter.

　　University of South Carolina experts found regular treadmill sessions create more mitochondria - structures in the cells that produce the body's energy - in the brain.

　　This energy boost helped the brain to work faster and more efficiently, effectively keeping it younger, researchers said.

　　In the short term this could reduce mental fatigue and sharpen your thinking in between gym sessions.

　　And building up a large reservoir of mitochondria in the brain could also create a 'buffer' against age-related brain diseases such as Alzheimer's.