根据一项新的研究表明，诺如病毒可以通过空气从一个受感染的人高达几米的蔓延.加拿大研究人员说他们的发现意味着在医院感染控制措施可能是无用的。医院应考虑新感染的预防控制，如戴防护患者的病毒，或投资机过滤空气，他们建议。团队进行了一项研究，在八医院和长期护理设施的暴发性胃肠炎的影响，常见的胃病。

　　诺如病毒引起肠胃发炎，引起呕吐和腹泻。研究人员收集的空气样本一米远离患者，在门的房间和护理站。诺如病毒是在六出八的医院空气中发现。这是检测54的每分每38病人房间，导致房间走廊分，每50分护理站。病毒的浓度范围从13到2350粒子每立方米空气。

　　一个剂量20诺如病毒粒子通常是足以引起胃肠炎。该研究的主要作者，拉瓦勒大学的卡洛琳教授说，杜查纳，发现诺如病毒可以通过空气传播可以解释为什么爆发难以遏制。她说：“应用住院设置的措施旨在限制与感染者直接接触。“根据我们的研究结果，这些规则需要进行审查，考虑到诺如病毒空气传播的可能性。使用移动空气过滤单元或戴在患者的呼吸防护措施值得测试的肠胃炎。”

　　至少有25种不同的菌株的诺如病毒已知会影响人类。在公共场所爆发诺如病毒，如医院，疗养院和学校，是常见的由于病毒可以存活在表面或物体的受感染的人，感动了几天。

　　每一年，据估计，在英国600000和一百万之间的人感染诺如病毒，这是胃肠炎最常见的原因。在美国也是胃肠炎的最常见原因，它会导致疾病和56000-71000 19-21百万住院一年。

　　原文

　　Norovirus can spread through the AIR rendering hospital infection measures useless, study warns

　　The stomach bug norovirus can spread through the air up to several metres from an infected person, according to a new study.

　　Canadian researchers said their findings mean infection control measures in hospitals could be useless.

　　Hospitals should think about new infection prevention controls, such as wearing protection around patients with the virus, or investing in machines to filter air, they advised.

　　The team carried out a study at eight hospitals and long-term care facilities affected by outbreaks of gastroenteritis, a common stomach bug.

　　Norovirus causes the stomach and intestines to become inflamed, causing vomiting and diarrhoea.

　　The researchers gathered air samples one metre away from patients, at the doors to their rooms and at nursing stations.

　　Norovirus was found in the air at six out of eight of the hospitals.

　　It was detected in 54 per cent of the patients' rooms, 38 per cent of the hallways leading to their rooms, and 50 per cent of nursing stations.

　　Concentrations of the virus ranged from 13 to 2,350 particles per cubic meter of air.

　　A dose of 20 norovirus particles is usually enough to cause gastroenteritis.

　　The study's lead author, Professor Caroline Duchaine, of Laval University, said the discovery that norovirus can spread by air could explain why outbreaks are so hard to contain.

　　She said: 'The measures applied in hospital settings are only designed to limit direct contact with infected patients.

　　'In light of our results, these rules need to be reviewed to take into account the possibility of airborne transmission of noroviruses.

　　'Use of mobile air filtration units or the wearing of respiratory protection around patients with gastroenteritis are measures worth testing.'

　　There are at least 25 different strains of noroviruses known to affect humans.

　　Outbreaks of norovirus in public places, such as hospitals, nursing homes and schools, are common because the virus can survive for several days on surfaces or objects touched by an infected person.

　　Each year, it's estimated that between 600,000 and one million people in the UK catch norovirus, and it is the most common cause of gastroenteritis.

　　It is also the most common cause of gastroenteritis in the US, where it causes 19-21 million illnesses and 56,000-71,000 hospitalizations a year.